// Copyright 2023 Matt Borland
// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
// https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt

#ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_decimal64_t_HPP
#define BOOST_DECIMAL_decimal64_t_HPP

#include <boost/decimal/fwd.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/attributes.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/apply_sign.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/bit_cast.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/config.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/int128.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/fast_float/compute_float32.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/fast_float/compute_float64.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/fenv_rounding.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/integer_search_trees.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/parser.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/power_tables.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/ryu/ryu_generic_128.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/utilities.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/normalize.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/to_integral.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/to_float.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/to_decimal.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/promotion.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/comparison.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/mixed_decimal_arithmetic.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/check_non_finite.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/quantize_impl.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/shrink_significand.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/cmath/isfinite.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/cmath/fpclassify.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/cmath/abs.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/cmath/floor.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/cmath/ceil.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/add_impl.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/mul_impl.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/div_impl.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/promote_significand.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/components.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/cmath/next.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/chars_format.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/to_chars_result.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/construction_sign.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/from_chars_impl.hpp>
#include <boost/decimal/detail/mod_impl.hpp>

#ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_BUILD_MODULE

#include <cerrno>
#include <cinttypes>
#include <climits>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdint>
#include <limits>
#include <type_traits>
#include <cstring>

#if !defined(BOOST_DECIMAL_DISABLE_IOSTREAM)
#include <cwchar>
#include <iostream>
#endif

#endif // BOOST_DECIMAL_BUILD_MODULE

namespace boost {
namespace decimal {
namespace detail {

// See IEEE 754 section 3.5.2
BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_inf_mask  = UINT64_C(0x7800000000000000);
BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_nan_mask  = UINT64_C(0x7C00000000000000);
BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_snan_mask = UINT64_C(0x7E00000000000000);

//    Comb.  Exponent          Significand
// s        eeeeeeeeee    [ttt][tttttttttt][tttttttttt][tttttttttt][tttttttttt][tttttttttt]
// s   11   eeeeeeeeee   [100t][tttttttttt][tttttttttt][tttttttttt][tttttttttt][tttttttttt]

BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_sign_mask = UINT64_C(0x8000000000000000);
BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_combination_field_mask = UINT64_C(0x6000000000000000);

BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_not_11_exp_mask = UINT64_C(0x7FE0000000000000);
BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_not_11_exp_shift = UINT64_C(53);
BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_11_exp_mask = UINT64_C(0x1FF8000000000000);
BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_11_exp_shift = UINT64_C(51);

BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_not_11_significand_mask = UINT64_C(0x1FFFFFFFFFFFFF);
BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_11_significand_mask = UINT64_C(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFF);

BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_biggest_no_combination_significand = d64_not_11_significand_mask;

BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_max_biased_exponent = UINT64_C(767);
BOOST_DECIMAL_INLINE_CONSTEXPR_VARIABLE std::uint64_t d64_max_significand_value = UINT64_C(9'999'999'999'999'999);


template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE TargetDecimalType>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto to_chars_scientific_impl(char* first, char* last, const TargetDecimalType& value, chars_format fmt) noexcept -> to_chars_result;

template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE TargetDecimalType>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto to_chars_fixed_impl(char* first, char* last, const TargetDecimalType& value, chars_format fmt) noexcept -> to_chars_result;

template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE TargetDecimalType>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto to_chars_hex_impl(char* first, char* last, const TargetDecimalType& value) noexcept -> to_chars_result;

template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE TargetDecimalType>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto to_chars_cohort_preserving_scientific(char* first, char* last, const TargetDecimalType& value) noexcept -> to_chars_result;

template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE TargetDecimalType>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto to_chars_cohort_preserving_fixed(char* first, char* last, const TargetDecimalType& value) noexcept -> to_chars_result;

template <bool checked, BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE T>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto d64_fma_impl(T x, T y, T z) noexcept -> T;

} //namespace detail

#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 8
#  pragma GCC diagnostic push
#  pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wclass-memaccess"
#endif

BOOST_DECIMAL_EXPORT class decimal64_t final
{
public:
    using significand_type = std::uint64_t;
    using exponent_type = std::uint64_t;
    using biased_exponent_type = std::int32_t;

private:

    std::uint64_t bits_ {};

    // Returns the un-biased (quantum) exponent
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto unbiased_exponent() const noexcept -> exponent_type;

    // Returns the biased exponent
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto biased_exponent() const noexcept -> biased_exponent_type;

    // Allows direct editing of the exp
    template <typename T>
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto edit_exponent(T exp) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, T, void);

    // Returns the significand complete with the bits implied from the combination field
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto full_significand() const noexcept -> significand_type;
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto isneg() const noexcept -> bool;
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto edit_sign(bool sign) noexcept -> void;

    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto to_components() const noexcept -> detail::decimal64_t_components;

    // Attempts conversion to integral type:
    // If this is nan sets errno to EINVAL and returns 0
    // If this is not representable sets errno to ERANGE and returns 0
    template <typename Decimal, typename TargetType>
    friend constexpr auto to_integral(Decimal val) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_TWO_RETURN(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, Decimal, detail::is_integral_v, TargetType, TargetType);

    template <typename Decimal, typename TargetType>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CXX20_CONSTEXPR auto to_float(Decimal val) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_TWO_RETURN(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, Decimal, detail::is_floating_point_v, TargetType, TargetType);

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE TargetType, BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal>
    friend constexpr auto to_decimal(Decimal val) noexcept -> TargetType;

    // Debug bit pattern
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto from_bits(std::uint64_t bits) noexcept -> decimal64_t;
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto to_bits(decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> std::uint64_t;

    // Equality template between any integer type and decimal64_t
    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal, BOOST_DECIMAL_INTEGRAL Integer>
    friend constexpr auto mixed_equality_impl(Decimal lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        -> std::enable_if_t<(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v<Decimal> && detail::is_integral_v<Integer>), bool>;

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal1, BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal2>
    friend constexpr auto mixed_decimal_equality_impl(Decimal1 lhs, Decimal2 rhs) noexcept
        -> std::enable_if_t<(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v<Decimal1> &&
                             detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v<Decimal2>), bool>;

    // Template to compare operator< for any integer type and decimal64_t
    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal, BOOST_DECIMAL_INTEGRAL Integer>
    friend constexpr auto less_impl(Decimal lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        -> std::enable_if_t<(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v<Decimal> && detail::is_integral_v<Integer>), bool>;

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal1, BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal2>
    friend constexpr auto mixed_decimal_less_impl(Decimal1 lhs, Decimal2 rhs) noexcept
        -> std::enable_if_t<(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v<Decimal1> &&
                             detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v<Decimal2>), bool>;

    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto d64_div_impl(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs, decimal64_t& q, decimal64_t& r) noexcept -> void;

    template <typename T>
    friend constexpr auto ilogb(T d) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, T, int);

    template <typename T>
    friend constexpr auto logb(T num) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, T);

    // Micro-optimization: Nearly every call to isfinite in the basic operators is !isfinite.
    // We can super easily combine this into a single operation
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto not_finite(decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE DecimalType>
    friend constexpr auto equality_impl(DecimalType lhs, DecimalType rhs) noexcept -> bool;

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE DecimalType>
    friend constexpr auto sequential_less_impl(DecimalType lhs, DecimalType rhs) noexcept -> bool;

    friend constexpr auto to_bid_d64(decimal64_t val) noexcept -> std::uint64_t;

    friend constexpr auto from_bid_d64(std::uint64_t bits) noexcept -> decimal64_t;

    template <typename DecimalType>
    friend constexpr auto to_dpd_d64(DecimalType val) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, DecimalType, std::uint64_t);

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE DecimalType>
    friend constexpr auto detail::nextafter_impl(DecimalType val, bool direction) noexcept -> DecimalType;

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE TargetDecimalType>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto detail::to_chars_scientific_impl(char* first, char* last, const TargetDecimalType& value, chars_format fmt) noexcept -> to_chars_result;

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE TargetDecimalType>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto detail::to_chars_fixed_impl(char* first, char* last, const TargetDecimalType& value, const chars_format fmt) noexcept -> to_chars_result;

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE TargetDecimalType>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto detail::to_chars_hex_impl(char* first, char* last, const TargetDecimalType& value) noexcept -> to_chars_result;

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE TargetDecimalType>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto detail::to_chars_cohort_preserving_scientific(char* first, char* last, const TargetDecimalType& value) noexcept -> to_chars_result;

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE TargetDecimalType>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto detail::to_chars_cohort_preserving_fixed(char* first, char* last, const TargetDecimalType& value) noexcept -> to_chars_result;

    template <bool checked, BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE T>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto detail::d64_fma_impl(T x, T y, T z) noexcept -> T;

    #if !defined(BOOST_DECIMAL_DISABLE_CLIB)
    constexpr decimal64_t(const char* str, std::size_t len);
    #endif

    template <typename T>
    friend constexpr auto read_payload(T value) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_ieee_type_v, T, typename T::significand_type);

    template <typename TargetDecimalType, bool is_snan>
    friend constexpr auto detail::write_payload(typename TargetDecimalType::significand_type payload_value)
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES(detail::is_ieee_type_v, TargetDecimalType);

    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto nan_conversion(const decimal64_t value) noexcept -> decimal64_t
    {
        constexpr auto convert_nan_mask {detail::d64_snan_mask ^ detail::d64_nan_mask};

        decimal64_t return_value;
        return_value.bits_ = value.bits_ ^ convert_nan_mask;
        return return_value;
    }

    template <typename Decimal>
    friend constexpr Decimal detail::check_non_finite(Decimal lhs, Decimal rhs) noexcept;

    template <typename Decimal>
    friend constexpr Decimal detail::check_non_finite(Decimal x) noexcept;

public:
    // 3.2.3.1 construct/copy/destroy
    constexpr decimal64_t() noexcept = default;
    constexpr decimal64_t& operator=(const decimal64_t& rhs) noexcept = default;
    constexpr decimal64_t& operator=(decimal64_t&& rhs) noexcept = default;
    constexpr decimal64_t(const decimal64_t& rhs) noexcept = default;
    constexpr decimal64_t(decimal64_t&& rhs) noexcept = default;

    // 3.2.2.2 Conversion form floating-point type
    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_CONCEPTS
    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_REAL Float>
    #else
    template <typename Float, std::enable_if_t<detail::is_floating_point_v<Float>, bool> = true>
    #endif
    #if !defined(BOOST_DECIMAL_ALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS) && !defined(BOOST_DECIMAL_ALLOW_IMPLICIT_FLOAT_CONVERSIONS)
    explicit
    #endif
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CXX20_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t(Float val) noexcept;

    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_UNSUPPORTED_LONG_DOUBLE
    explicit constexpr decimal64_t(long double val) noexcept = delete;
    #endif

    template <typename Float>
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CXX20_CONSTEXPR auto operator=(const Float& val) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_floating_point_v, Float, decimal64_t&);

    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_CONCEPTS
    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal>
    #else
    template <typename Decimal, std::enable_if_t<detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v<Decimal>, bool> = true>
    #endif
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t(Decimal val) noexcept;

    // 3.2.3.3 Conversion from integral type
    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_CONCEPTS
    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_INTEGRAL Integer>
    #else
    template <typename Integer, std::enable_if_t<detail::is_integral_v<Integer>, bool> = true>
    #endif
    #if !defined(BOOST_DECIMAL_ALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS) && !defined(BOOST_DECIMAL_ALLOW_IMPLICIT_INTEGER_CONVERSIONS)
    explicit
    #endif
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t(Integer val) noexcept;

    template <typename Integer>
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator=(const Integer& val) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t&);

    // 3.2.3.4 Conversion to integral type
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR operator bool() const noexcept;
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR operator int() const noexcept;
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR operator unsigned() const noexcept;
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR operator long() const noexcept;
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR operator unsigned long() const noexcept;
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR operator long long() const noexcept;
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR operator unsigned long long() const noexcept;

    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_INT128
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR operator detail::builtin_int128_t() const noexcept;
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR operator detail::builtin_uint128_t() const noexcept;
    #endif


    // Conversion to another decimal type
    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal, std::enable_if_t<detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v<Decimal> && (detail::decimal_val_v<Decimal> > detail::decimal_val_v<decimal64_t>), bool> = true>
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR operator Decimal() const noexcept;

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal, std::enable_if_t<detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v<Decimal> && (detail::decimal_val_v<Decimal> <= detail::decimal_val_v<decimal64_t>), bool> = true>
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR operator Decimal() const noexcept;

    // 3.2.6 Conversion to a floating-point type
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CXX20_CONSTEXPR operator float() const noexcept;
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CXX20_CONSTEXPR operator double() const noexcept;

    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_UNSUPPORTED_LONG_DOUBLE
    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CXX20_CONSTEXPR operator long double() const noexcept;
    #endif

    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_FLOAT16
    explicit constexpr operator std::float16_t() const noexcept;
    #endif
    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_FLOAT32
    explicit constexpr operator std::float32_t() const noexcept;
    #endif
    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_FLOAT64
    explicit constexpr operator std::float64_t() const noexcept;
    #endif
    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_BRAINFLOAT16
    explicit constexpr operator std::bfloat16_t() const noexcept;
    #endif

    // 3.2.5 initialization from coefficient and exponent:
    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_CONCEPTS
    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_UNSIGNED_INTEGRAL T1, BOOST_DECIMAL_INTEGRAL T2>
    #else
    template <typename T1, typename T2, std::enable_if_t<detail::is_unsigned_v<T1> && detail::is_integral_v<T2>, bool> = true>
    #endif
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t(T1 coeff, T2 exp, detail::construction_sign_wrapper resultant_sign = construction_sign::positive) noexcept;

    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_CONCEPTS
    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_SIGNED_INTEGRAL T1, BOOST_DECIMAL_INTEGRAL T2>
    #else
    template <typename T1, typename T2, std::enable_if_t<!detail::is_unsigned_v<T1> && detail::is_integral_v<T2>, bool> = true>
    #endif
    constexpr decimal64_t(T1, T2, bool) noexcept { static_assert(detail::is_unsigned_v<T1>, "Construction from signed integer, exponent, and sign is ambiguous, so it is disallowed. You must use an Unsigned Integer for the coefficient to construct from {coefficient, exponent, sign}"); }

    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_CONCEPTS
    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_SIGNED_INTEGRAL T1, BOOST_DECIMAL_INTEGRAL T2>
    #else
    template <typename T1, typename T2, std::enable_if_t<!detail::is_unsigned_v<T1> && detail::is_integral_v<T2>, bool> = true>
    #endif
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t(T1 coeff, T2 exp) noexcept;

    explicit BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t(bool value) noexcept;

    #if !defined(BOOST_DECIMAL_DISABLE_CLIB)

    explicit constexpr decimal64_t(const char* str);

    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_STD_STRING_VIEW
    explicit inline decimal64_t(const std::string& str);
    #else
    explicit constexpr decimal64_t(std::string_view str);
    #endif

    #endif

    // cmath functions that are easier as friends
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto signbit     BOOST_DECIMAL_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto isnan       BOOST_DECIMAL_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto isinf       BOOST_DECIMAL_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto issignaling BOOST_DECIMAL_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto isnormal    BOOST_DECIMAL_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto isfinite    BOOST_DECIMAL_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;

    // 3.2.7 unary arithmetic operators:
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator+(decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t;
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator-(decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t;

    // 3.2.8 Binary arithmetic operators
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator+(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t;

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator+(decimal64_t lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t);

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator+(Integer lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t);

    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator-(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t;

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator-(decimal64_t lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t);

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator-(Integer lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t);

    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator*(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t;

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator*(decimal64_t lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t);

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator*(Integer lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t);

    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator/(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t;

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator/(decimal64_t lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t);

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator/(Integer lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t);

    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator%(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t;

    // 3.2.3.5 Increment and Decrement
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator++()    noexcept -> decimal64_t&;
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator++(int) noexcept -> decimal64_t;  // NOLINT : C++14 so constexpr implies const
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator--()    noexcept -> decimal64_t&;
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator--(int) noexcept -> decimal64_t;  // NOLINT : C++14 so constexpr implies const

    // 3.2.3.6 Compound assignment
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator+=(decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t&;

    template <typename Integer>
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator+=(Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t&);

    template <typename Decimal>
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator+=(Decimal rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, Decimal, decimal64_t&);

    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator-=(decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t&;

    template <typename Integer>
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator-=(Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t&);

    template <typename Decimal>
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator-=(Decimal rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, Decimal, decimal64_t&);

    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator*=(decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t&;

    template <typename Integer>
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator*=(Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t&);

    template <typename Decimal>
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator*=(Decimal rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, Decimal, decimal64_t&);

    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator/=(decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t&;

    template <typename Integer>
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator/=(Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t&);

    template <typename Decimal>
    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator/=(Decimal rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, Decimal, decimal64_t&);

    BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator%=(decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t&;

    // 3.2.9 Comparison operators:
    // Equality
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator==(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator==(decimal64_t lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool);

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator==(Integer lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool);

    // Inequality
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator!=(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator!=(decimal64_t lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool);

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator!=(Integer lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool);

    // Less
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<(decimal64_t lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool);

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<(Integer lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool);

    // Less equal
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<=(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<=(decimal64_t lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool);

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<=(Integer lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool);

    // Greater
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator>(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator>(decimal64_t lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool);

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator>(Integer lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool);

    // Greater equal
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator>=(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator>=(decimal64_t lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool);

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator>=(Integer lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool);

    // C++20 spaceship
    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_SPACESHIP_OPERATOR
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<=>(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> std::partial_ordering;

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<=>(decimal64_t lhs, Integer rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, std::partial_ordering);

    template <typename Integer>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<=>(Integer lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
        BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, std::partial_ordering);
    #endif

    // 3.6.4 Same Quantum
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto samequantumd64(decimal64_t lhs, decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool;

    // 3.6.5 Quantum exponent
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto quantexpd64(decimal64_t x) noexcept -> int;

    // 3.6.6 Quantize
    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE T>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto quantize(T lhs, T rhs) noexcept -> T;

    // <cmath> functions that need to be friends
    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE T>
    friend constexpr auto frexp10(T num, int* expptr) noexcept -> typename T::significand_type;

    template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE T>
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decompose(const T x) noexcept;

    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto copysignd64(decimal64_t mag, decimal64_t sgn) noexcept -> decimal64_t;
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto scalbnd64(decimal64_t num, int exp) noexcept -> decimal64_t;
    friend BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto scalblnd64(decimal64_t num, long exp) noexcept -> decimal64_t;
};

#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 8
#  pragma GCC diagnostic pop
#endif

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto from_bits(std::uint64_t bits) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    decimal64_t result;
    result.bits_ = bits;

    return result;
}

namespace detail {

// IEEE-pack a known-in-range (coeff, exp, sign) triple into a decimal64_t,
// skipping the constructor's bounds check + dead-branch handling. Caller
// guarantees coeff <= d64_max_significand_value and the (exp + bias) value
// fits in [0, d64_max_biased_exponent]. Saves ~10 cycles per fast-path call.
template <typename T1, typename T2>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto direct_pack_d64(T1 coeff, T2 exp, bool sign) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    const auto reduced_coeff {static_cast<std::uint64_t>(coeff)};
    const auto biased_exp {static_cast<std::uint64_t>(static_cast<int>(exp) + bias_v<decimal64_t>)};
    std::uint64_t bits {sign ? d64_sign_mask : UINT64_C(0)};

    // The non-combination encoding holds coefficients up to d64_biggest_no_combination_significand,
    // which covers ~95%+ of post-arithmetic coefficients. The combination-field branch is cold.
    if (BOOST_DECIMAL_LIKELY(reduced_coeff <= d64_biggest_no_combination_significand))
    {
        bits |= (reduced_coeff & d64_not_11_significand_mask);
        bits |= (biased_exp << d64_not_11_exp_shift) & d64_not_11_exp_mask;
    }
    else
    {
        bits |= (d64_combination_field_mask | (reduced_coeff & d64_11_significand_mask));
        bits |= (biased_exp << d64_11_exp_shift) & d64_11_exp_mask;
    }
    return from_bits(bits);
}

// Definition of the pack_in_range<decimal64_t> overload declared in
// add_impl.hpp. Lives here so the `decimal64_t{coeff, exp, sign}` fallback
// is parsed only after decimal64_t is complete (see add_impl.hpp rationale).
template <typename ReturnType, typename SigType, typename ExpType>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto pack_in_range(SigType coeff, ExpType exp, bool sign) noexcept
    -> std::enable_if_t<std::is_same<ReturnType, decimal64_t>::value, decimal64_t>
{
    const auto biased_exp_check {static_cast<int>(exp) + bias_v<decimal64_t>};
    if (BOOST_DECIMAL_LIKELY(biased_exp_check >= 0
        && biased_exp_check <= static_cast<int>(max_biased_exp_v<decimal64_t>)))
    {
        return direct_pack_d64(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(coeff), exp, sign);
    }
    return decimal64_t{coeff, exp, sign};
}

} // namespace detail

constexpr auto to_bits(decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> std::uint64_t
{
    return rhs.bits_;
}

#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 6
#  pragma GCC diagnostic push
#  pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wduplicated-branches"
#  pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wbool-compare"
#  pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
#endif

// 3.2.5 initialization from coefficient and exponent:
#ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_CONCEPTS
template <BOOST_DECIMAL_UNSIGNED_INTEGRAL T1, BOOST_DECIMAL_INTEGRAL T2>
#else
template <typename T1, typename T2, std::enable_if_t<detail::is_unsigned_v<T1> && detail::is_integral_v<T2>, bool>>
#endif
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::decimal64_t(T1 coeff, T2 exp, const detail::construction_sign_wrapper resultant_sign) noexcept
{
    const auto is_negative {static_cast<bool>(resultant_sign)};
    bits_ = is_negative ? detail::d64_sign_mask : UINT64_C(0);

    // If the coeff is not in range, make it so
    int coeff_digits {-1};
    auto biased_exp {static_cast<int>(exp) + detail::bias_v<decimal64_t>};
    if (coeff > detail::d64_max_significand_value || biased_exp < -(detail::precision_v<decimal64_t> - 1))
    {
        coeff_digits = detail::coefficient_rounding<decimal64_t>(coeff, exp, biased_exp, is_negative, detail::num_digits(coeff));
    }

    auto reduced_coeff {static_cast<significand_type>(coeff)};
    bool big_combination {false};

    if (reduced_coeff == 0U)
    {
        // IEEE 754-2008 3.5.1: zero has a cohort with one representation per exponent.
        // Clamp the requested exponent to the representable range and encode it; sign was already set.
        auto zero_biased_exp {biased_exp};
        if (zero_biased_exp < 0)
        {
            zero_biased_exp = 0;
        }
        else if (zero_biased_exp > static_cast<int>(detail::d64_max_biased_exponent))
        {
            zero_biased_exp = static_cast<int>(detail::d64_max_biased_exponent);
        }
        bits_ |= (static_cast<std::uint64_t>(zero_biased_exp) << detail::d64_not_11_exp_shift) & detail::d64_not_11_exp_mask;
        return;
    }

    if (reduced_coeff <= detail::d64_biggest_no_combination_significand)
    {
        // If the coefficient fits directly, we don't need to use the combination field
        // bits_.significand = reduced_coeff;
        bits_ |= (reduced_coeff & detail::d64_not_11_significand_mask);
    }
    else
    {
        // Have to use the full combination field
        bits_ |= (detail::d64_combination_field_mask | (reduced_coeff & detail::d64_11_significand_mask));
        big_combination = true;
    }

    // If the exponent fits, we do not need to use the combination field
    if (BOOST_DECIMAL_LIKELY(biased_exp >= 0 && biased_exp <= static_cast<int>(detail::d64_max_biased_exponent)))
    {
        if (big_combination)
        {
            bits_ |= (static_cast<std::uint64_t>(biased_exp) << detail::d64_11_exp_shift) & detail::d64_11_exp_mask;
        }
        else
        {
            bits_ |= (static_cast<std::uint64_t>(biased_exp) << detail::d64_not_11_exp_shift) & detail::d64_not_11_exp_mask;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // If we can fit the extra exponent in the significand, then we can construct the value
        // If we can't, the value is either 0 or infinity depending on the sign of exp

        if (coeff_digits == -1)
        {
            coeff_digits = detail::num_digits(reduced_coeff);
        }

        const auto exp_delta {biased_exp - static_cast<int>(detail::d64_max_biased_exponent)};
        const auto digit_delta {coeff_digits - exp_delta};
        if (biased_exp < 0 && coeff_digits == 1)
        {
            // This needs to be flushed to 0 or rounded to subnormal min
            // e.g. 7e-399 should not become 70e-398 but 7e-400 should become 0
            rounding_mode current_round_mode {_boost_decimal_global_rounding_mode};

            #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_NO_CONSTEVAL_DETECTION

            if (!BOOST_DECIMAL_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED(coeff))
            {
                current_round_mode = _boost_decimal_global_runtime_rounding_mode;
            }

            #endif

            bool round {false};
            if (biased_exp == -1)
            {
                switch (current_round_mode)
                {
                    case rounding_mode::fe_dec_to_nearest_from_zero:
                        BOOST_DECIMAL_FALLTHROUGH
                    case rounding_mode::fe_dec_to_nearest:
                        if (reduced_coeff >= 5U)
                        {
                            round = true;
                        }
                        break;
                    case rounding_mode::fe_dec_upward:
                        if (!is_negative && reduced_coeff != 0)
                        {
                            round = true;
                        }
                        break;
                    default:
                        round = false;
                        break;
                }
            }

            if (round)
            {
                // Subnormal min is just 1
                bits_ = UINT64_C(1);
            }
            else
            {
                bits_ = UINT64_C(0);
            }

            bits_ |= is_negative ? detail::d64_sign_mask : UINT64_C(0);
        }
        else if (digit_delta > 0 && coeff_digits + digit_delta <= detail::precision_v<decimal64_t>)
        {
            // Coeff stays in range (<= max_significand_v) by the branch's digit budget,
            // and biased_exp lands in [0, max] by construction. pack_in_range hits
            // direct_pack on the in-range case; fallback constructor is a safety belt.
            exp -= digit_delta;
            reduced_coeff *= detail::pow10(static_cast<significand_type>(digit_delta));
            *this = detail::pack_in_range<decimal64_t>(reduced_coeff, exp, is_negative);
        }
        else if (coeff_digits + biased_exp <= detail::precision_v<decimal64_t>)
        {
            // Handle the case of sub-normals that don't need further rounding
            bits_ = is_negative ? detail::d64_sign_mask : UINT64_C(0); // Reset the sign bit
            const auto zeros {detail::remove_trailing_zeros(reduced_coeff)};
            biased_exp += static_cast<int>(zeros.number_of_removed_zeros);
            reduced_coeff = zeros.trimmed_number;
            if (biased_exp > 0)
            {
                reduced_coeff *= detail::pow10(static_cast<significand_type>(biased_exp));
            }
            else if (biased_exp < 0)
            {
                const auto pos_biased_exp {-biased_exp};
                bool sticky {false};
                if (pos_biased_exp > 1)
                {
                    // Need to ensure that we are following the current global rounding mode when packing subnormals
                    const auto shift_pow_10 {detail::pow10(static_cast<significand_type>(pos_biased_exp - 1))};
                    const auto div_res {detail::impl::divmod(reduced_coeff, shift_pow_10)};
                    reduced_coeff = div_res.quotient;
                    sticky = div_res.remainder != 0U;
                }
                // We may have to round the value so that it fits correctly
                // e.g. 13e-399 -> 1e-398
                detail::fenv_round<decimal64_t>(reduced_coeff, is_negative, sticky);
            }

            bits_ |= reduced_coeff;
        }
        else if (digit_delta < 0 && coeff_digits - digit_delta <= detail::precision_v<decimal64_t>)
        {
            // Expand to use the full precision; biased_exp ends up in [0, max] and
            // coeff <= max_significand_v. pack_in_range routes to direct_pack.
            const auto offset {detail::precision_v<decimal64_t> - coeff_digits};
            exp -= offset;
            reduced_coeff *= detail::pow10(static_cast<significand_type>(offset));
            *this = detail::pack_in_range<decimal64_t>(reduced_coeff, exp, is_negative);
        }
        else if (biased_exp > detail::max_biased_exp_v<decimal64_t>)
        {
            // Similar to subnormals, but for extremely large values: fold the
            // overflow into the coefficient via trailing zeros when there's room.
            const auto available_space {detail::precision_v<decimal64_t> - coeff_digits};
            if (available_space >= exp_delta)
            {
                // available_space >= exp_delta means after subtracting exp_delta from
                // biased_exp it lands in [0, max], and coeff has coeff_digits + available_space
                // <= precision digits, so <= max_significand_v. pack_in_range applies.
                reduced_coeff *= detail::pow10(static_cast<significand_type>(available_space));
                exp -= available_space;
                *this = detail::pack_in_range<decimal64_t>(reduced_coeff, exp, is_negative);
            }
            else
            {
                bits_ = exp < 0 ? UINT64_C(0) : detail::d64_inf_mask;
                bits_ |= is_negative ? detail::d64_sign_mask : UINT64_C(0);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            // Reset the value and make sure to preserve the sign of 0/inf
            bits_ = exp < 0 ? UINT64_C(0) : detail::d64_inf_mask;
            bits_ |= is_negative ? detail::d64_sign_mask : UINT64_C(0);
        }
    }
}

#ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_CONCEPTS
template <BOOST_DECIMAL_SIGNED_INTEGRAL T1, BOOST_DECIMAL_INTEGRAL T2>
#else
template <typename T1, typename T2, std::enable_if_t<!detail::is_unsigned_v<T1> && detail::is_integral_v<T2>, bool>>
#endif
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::decimal64_t(const T1 coeff, const T2 exp) noexcept : decimal64_t(detail::make_positive_unsigned(coeff), exp, coeff < 0) {}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::decimal64_t(const bool value) noexcept : decimal64_t(static_cast<significand_type>(value), 0, false) {}


#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 6
#  pragma GCC diagnostic pop
#endif

namespace detail {

template <bool>
class numeric_limits_impl64
{
public:

    static constexpr bool is_specialized = true;
    static constexpr bool is_signed = true;
    static constexpr bool is_integer = false;
    static constexpr bool is_exact = false;
    static constexpr bool has_infinity = true;
    static constexpr bool has_quiet_NaN = true;
    static constexpr bool has_signaling_NaN = true;

    // These members were deprecated in C++23
    #if ((!defined(_MSC_VER) && (__cplusplus <= 202002L)) || (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSVC_LANG <= 202002L)))
    static constexpr std::float_denorm_style has_denorm = std::denorm_present;
    static constexpr bool has_denorm_loss = true;
    #endif

    static constexpr std::float_round_style round_style = std::round_indeterminate;
    static constexpr bool is_iec559 = true;
    static constexpr bool is_bounded = true;
    static constexpr bool is_modulo = false;
    static constexpr int  digits = 16;
    static constexpr int  digits10 = digits;
    static constexpr int  max_digits10 = digits;
    static constexpr int  radix = 10;
    static constexpr int  min_exponent = -383;
    static constexpr int  min_exponent10 = min_exponent;
    static constexpr int  max_exponent = 384;
    static constexpr int  max_exponent10 = max_exponent;
    static constexpr bool traps = std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::traps;
    static constexpr bool tinyness_before = true;

    // Member functions
    static BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto (min)        () -> boost::decimal::decimal64_t { return {UINT32_C(1), min_exponent}; }
    static BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto (max)        () -> boost::decimal::decimal64_t { return {boost::decimal::detail::d64_max_significand_value, max_exponent - digits + 1}; }
    static BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto lowest       () -> boost::decimal::decimal64_t { return {boost::decimal::detail::d64_max_significand_value, max_exponent - digits + 1, construction_sign::negative}; }
    static BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto epsilon      () -> boost::decimal::decimal64_t { return {UINT32_C(1), -digits + 1}; }
    static BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto round_error  () -> boost::decimal::decimal64_t { return epsilon(); }
    static BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto infinity     () -> boost::decimal::decimal64_t { return boost::decimal::from_bits(boost::decimal::detail::d64_inf_mask); }
    static BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto quiet_NaN    () -> boost::decimal::decimal64_t { return boost::decimal::from_bits(boost::decimal::detail::d64_nan_mask); }
    static BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto signaling_NaN() -> boost::decimal::decimal64_t { return boost::decimal::from_bits(boost::decimal::detail::d64_snan_mask); }
    static BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto denorm_min   () -> boost::decimal::decimal64_t { return {1, boost::decimal::detail::etiny_v<boost::decimal::decimal64_t>}; }
};

#if !defined(__cpp_inline_variables) || __cpp_inline_variables < 201606L

template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::is_specialized;
template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::is_signed;
template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::is_integer;
template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::is_exact;
template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::has_infinity;
template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::has_quiet_NaN;
template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::has_signaling_NaN;

// These members were deprecated in C++23
#if ((!defined(_MSC_VER) && (__cplusplus <= 202002L)) || (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSVC_LANG <= 202002L)))
template <bool b> constexpr std::float_denorm_style numeric_limits_impl64<b>::has_denorm;
template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::has_denorm_loss;
#endif

template <bool b> constexpr std::float_round_style numeric_limits_impl64<b>::round_style;
template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::is_iec559;
template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::is_bounded;
template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::is_modulo;
template <bool b> constexpr int numeric_limits_impl64<b>::digits;
template <bool b> constexpr int numeric_limits_impl64<b>::digits10;
template <bool b> constexpr int numeric_limits_impl64<b>::max_digits10;
template <bool b> constexpr int numeric_limits_impl64<b>::radix;
template <bool b> constexpr int numeric_limits_impl64<b>::min_exponent;
template <bool b> constexpr int numeric_limits_impl64<b>::min_exponent10;
template <bool b> constexpr int numeric_limits_impl64<b>::max_exponent;
template <bool b> constexpr int numeric_limits_impl64<b>::max_exponent10;
template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::traps;
template <bool b> constexpr bool numeric_limits_impl64<b>::tinyness_before;

#endif // !defined(__cpp_inline_variables) || __cpp_inline_variables < 201606L

} // namespace detail

} //namespace decimal
} //namespace boost

namespace std {

#ifdef __clang__
#  pragma clang diagnostic push
#  pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wmismatched-tags"
#endif

template <>
class numeric_limits<boost::decimal::decimal64_t> :
    public boost::decimal::detail::numeric_limits_impl64<true> {};

#ifdef __clang__
#  pragma clang diagnostic pop
#endif

} // Namespace std

namespace boost {
namespace decimal {

#if defined(__clang__)
#  pragma clang diagnostic push
#  pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
#  pragma GCC diagnostic push
#  pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
#endif

#ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_CONCEPTS
template <BOOST_DECIMAL_REAL Float>
#else
template <typename Float, std::enable_if_t<detail::is_floating_point_v<Float>, bool>>
#endif
BOOST_DECIMAL_CXX20_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::decimal64_t(const Float val) noexcept
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (val != val)
    {
        *this = from_bits(detail::d64_nan_mask);
    }
    else if (val == std::numeric_limits<Float>::infinity())
    {
        *this = from_bits(detail::d64_inf_mask);
    }
    else if (val == -std::numeric_limits<Float>::infinity())
    {
        *this = -from_bits(detail::d64_inf_mask);
    }
    else
    #endif
    {
        const auto components {detail::ryu::floating_point_to_fd128(val)};

        #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_DEBUG
        std::cerr << "Mant: " << components.mantissa
                  << "\nExp: " << components.exponent
                  << "\nSign: " << components.sign << std::endl;
        #endif

        if (components.exponent > detail::emax_v<decimal64_t>)
        {
            *this = from_bits(detail::d64_inf_mask);
        }
        else
        {
            *this = decimal64_t {components.mantissa, components.exponent, components.sign};
        }
    }
}

#if defined(__clang__)
#  pragma clang diagnostic pop
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
#  pragma GCC diagnostic pop
#endif

template <typename Float>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CXX20_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator=(const Float& val) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_floating_point_v, Float, decimal64_t&)
{
    *this = decimal64_t{val};
    return *this;
}

#ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_CONCEPTS
template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal>
#else
template <typename Decimal, std::enable_if_t<detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v<Decimal>, bool>>
#endif
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::decimal64_t(const Decimal val) noexcept
{
    *this = to_decimal<decimal64_t>(val);
}

#ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_CONCEPTS
template <BOOST_DECIMAL_INTEGRAL Integer>
#else
template <typename Integer, std::enable_if_t<detail::is_integral_v<Integer>, bool>>
#endif
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::decimal64_t(const Integer val) noexcept : decimal64_t{val, 0} {}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator=(const Integer& val) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t&)
{
    using ConversionType = std::conditional_t<std::is_same<Integer, bool>::value, std::int32_t, Integer>;
    *this = decimal64_t{static_cast<ConversionType>(val), 0};
    return *this;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator bool() const noexcept
{
    constexpr decimal64_t zero {0, 0};
    return *this != zero;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator int() const noexcept
{
    return to_integral<decimal64_t, int>(*this);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator unsigned() const noexcept
{
    return to_integral<decimal64_t, unsigned>(*this);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator long() const noexcept
{
    return to_integral<decimal64_t, long>(*this);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator unsigned long() const noexcept
{
    return to_integral<decimal64_t, unsigned long>(*this);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator long long() const noexcept
{
    return to_integral<decimal64_t, long long>(*this);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator unsigned long long() const noexcept
{
    return to_integral<decimal64_t, unsigned long long>(*this);
}

#ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_INT128

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator detail::builtin_int128_t() const noexcept
{
    return to_integral<decimal64_t, detail::builtin_int128_t>(*this);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator detail::builtin_uint128_t() const noexcept
{
    return to_integral<decimal64_t, detail::builtin_uint128_t>(*this);
}

#endif

template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal, std::enable_if_t<detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v<Decimal> && (detail::decimal_val_v<Decimal> > detail::decimal_val_v<decimal64_t>), bool>>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator Decimal() const noexcept
{
    return to_decimal<Decimal>(*this);
}

template <BOOST_DECIMAL_DECIMAL_FLOATING_TYPE Decimal, std::enable_if_t<detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v<Decimal> && (detail::decimal_val_v<Decimal> <= detail::decimal_val_v<decimal64_t>), bool>>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator Decimal() const noexcept
{
    return to_decimal<Decimal>(*this);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CXX20_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator float() const noexcept
{
    return to_float<decimal64_t, float>(*this);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CXX20_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator double() const noexcept
{
    return to_float<decimal64_t, double>(*this);
}

#ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_UNSUPPORTED_LONG_DOUBLE
BOOST_DECIMAL_CXX20_CONSTEXPR decimal64_t::operator long double() const noexcept
{
    return to_float<decimal64_t, long double>(*this);
}
#endif

#ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_FLOAT16
constexpr decimal64_t::operator std::float16_t() const noexcept
{
    return static_cast<std::float16_t>(to_float<decimal64_t, float>(*this));
}
#endif
#ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_FLOAT32
constexpr decimal64_t::operator std::float32_t() const noexcept
{
    return static_cast<std::float32_t>(to_float<decimal64_t, float>(*this));
}
#endif
#ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_FLOAT64
constexpr decimal64_t::operator std::float64_t() const noexcept
{
    return static_cast<std::float64_t>(to_float<decimal64_t, double>(*this));
}
#endif
#ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_BRAINFLOAT16
constexpr decimal64_t::operator std::bfloat16_t() const noexcept
{
    return static_cast<std::bfloat16_t>(to_float<decimal64_t, float>(*this));
}
#endif

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::unbiased_exponent() const noexcept -> exponent_type
{
    exponent_type expval {};

    if ((bits_ & detail::d64_combination_field_mask) == detail::d64_combination_field_mask)
    {
        expval = (bits_ & detail::d64_11_exp_mask) >> detail::d64_11_exp_shift;
    }
    else
    {
        expval = (bits_ & detail::d64_not_11_exp_mask) >> detail::d64_not_11_exp_shift;
    }

    return expval;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::biased_exponent() const noexcept -> biased_exponent_type
{
    return static_cast<std::int32_t>(unbiased_exponent()) - detail::bias_v<decimal64_t>;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::full_significand() const noexcept -> significand_type
{
    significand_type significand {};

    if ((bits_ & detail::d64_combination_field_mask) == detail::d64_combination_field_mask)
    {
        constexpr std::uint64_t implied_bit {UINT64_C(0x20000000000000)};
        significand = implied_bit | (bits_ & detail::d64_11_significand_mask);
    }
    else
    {
        significand = bits_ & detail::d64_not_11_significand_mask;
    }

    return significand;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::isneg() const noexcept -> bool
{
    return static_cast<bool>(bits_ & detail::d64_sign_mask);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::to_components() const noexcept -> detail::decimal64_t_components
{
    detail::decimal64_t_components components {};

    exponent_type expval {};
    significand_type significand {};

    if ((bits_ & detail::d64_combination_field_mask) == detail::d64_combination_field_mask)
    {
        constexpr std::uint64_t implied_bit {UINT64_C(0x20000000000000)};
        significand = implied_bit | (bits_ & detail::d64_11_significand_mask);
        expval = (bits_ & detail::d64_11_exp_mask) >> detail::d64_11_exp_shift;
    }
    else
    {
        significand = bits_ & detail::d64_not_11_significand_mask;
        expval = (bits_ & detail::d64_not_11_exp_mask) >> detail::d64_not_11_exp_shift;
    }

    components.sig = significand;
    components.exp = static_cast<biased_exponent_type>(expval) - detail::bias_v<decimal64_t>;
    components.sign = bits_ & detail::d64_sign_mask;

    return components;
}

template <typename T>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::edit_exponent(const T expval) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, T, void)
{
    *this = decimal64_t(this->full_significand(), expval, this->isneg());
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::edit_sign(const bool sign) noexcept -> void
{
    if (sign)
    {
        bits_ |= detail::d64_sign_mask;
    }
    else
    {
        bits_ &= ~detail::d64_sign_mask;
    }
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto signbit BOOST_DECIMAL_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    return rhs.bits_ & detail::d64_sign_mask;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto isnan BOOST_DECIMAL_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    return (rhs.bits_ & detail::d64_nan_mask) == detail::d64_nan_mask;
    #else
    static_cast<void>(rhs);
    return false;
    #endif
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto isinf BOOST_DECIMAL_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    return ((rhs.bits_ & detail::d64_nan_mask) == detail::d64_inf_mask);
    #else
    static_cast<void>(rhs);
    return false;
    #endif
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto issignaling BOOST_DECIMAL_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    return (rhs.bits_ & detail::d64_snan_mask) == detail::d64_snan_mask;
    #else
    static_cast<void>(rhs);
    return false;
    #endif
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto isnormal BOOST_DECIMAL_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    const auto sig {rhs.full_significand()};

    if (sig == 0U || !isfinite(rhs))
    {
        return false;
    }

    // A value is subnormal when its adjusted exponent falls below emin. That depends on how
    // many digits the significand carries, not on the quantum exponent alone: 1E-383 and
    // 1.000000000000000E-383 are both the smallest normal decimal64_t but sit 15 quanta apart.
    const auto adjusted_exp {rhs.biased_exponent() + detail::num_digits(sig) - 1};

    return adjusted_exp >= detail::emin_v<decimal64_t>;
    #else
    return rhs.full_significand() != 0;
    #endif
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto isfinite BOOST_DECIMAL_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION (const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    return ((rhs.bits_ & detail::d64_inf_mask) != detail::d64_inf_mask);
    #else
    static_cast<void>(rhs);
    return true;
    #endif
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_FORCE_INLINE BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto not_finite(const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    return ((rhs.bits_ & detail::d64_inf_mask) == detail::d64_inf_mask);
    #else
    static_cast<void>(rhs);
    return false;
    #endif
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator==(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    return equality_impl(lhs, rhs);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator==(const decimal64_t lhs, const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool)
{
    return mixed_equality_impl(lhs, rhs);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator==(const Integer lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool)
{
    return mixed_equality_impl(rhs, lhs);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator!=(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    return !(lhs == rhs);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator!=(const decimal64_t lhs, const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool)
{
    return !(lhs == rhs);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator!=(const Integer lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool)
{
    return !(lhs == rhs);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (not_finite(lhs) || not_finite(rhs))
    {
        if (isnan(lhs) || isnan(rhs) ||
            (!lhs.isneg() && rhs.isneg()))
        {
            return false;
        }
        if (lhs.isneg() && !rhs.isneg())
        {
            return true;
        }
        if (isfinite(lhs) && isinf(rhs))
        {
            return !rhs.isneg();
        }
    }
    #endif

    return sequential_less_impl(lhs, rhs);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<(const decimal64_t lhs, const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool)
{
    return less_impl(lhs, rhs);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<(const Integer lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool)
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (isnan(rhs))
    {
        return false;
    }
    #endif

    return !less_impl(rhs, lhs) && lhs != rhs;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<=(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (isnan(lhs) || isnan(rhs))
    {
        return false;
    }
    #endif

    return !(rhs < lhs);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<=(const decimal64_t lhs, const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool)
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (isnan(lhs))
    {
        return false;
    }
    #endif

    return !(rhs < lhs);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<=(const Integer lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool)
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (isnan(rhs))
    {
        return false;
    }
    #endif

    return !(rhs < lhs);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator>(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    return rhs < lhs;
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator>(const decimal64_t lhs, const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool)
{
    return rhs < lhs;
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator>(const Integer lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool)
{
    return rhs < lhs;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator>=(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (isnan(lhs) || isnan(rhs))
    {
        return false;
    }
    #endif

    return !(lhs < rhs);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator>=(const decimal64_t lhs, const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool)
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (isnan(lhs))
    {
        return false;
    }
    #endif

    return !(lhs < rhs);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator>=(const Integer lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, bool)
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (isnan(rhs))
    {
        return false;
    }
    #endif

    return !(lhs < rhs);
}

#ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_SPACESHIP_OPERATOR

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<=>(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> std::partial_ordering
{
    if (lhs < rhs)
    {
        return std::partial_ordering::less;
    }
    if (rhs < lhs)
    {
        return std::partial_ordering::greater;
    }
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (isnan(lhs) || isnan(rhs))
    {
        return std::partial_ordering::unordered;
    }
    #endif
    return std::partial_ordering::equivalent;
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<=>(const decimal64_t lhs, const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, std::partial_ordering)
{
    if (lhs < rhs)
    {
        return std::partial_ordering::less;
    }
    else if (lhs > rhs)
    {
        return std::partial_ordering::greater;
    }
    else if (lhs == rhs)
    {
        return std::partial_ordering::equivalent;
    }

    return std::partial_ordering::unordered;
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator<=>(const Integer lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, std::partial_ordering)
{
    if (lhs < rhs)
    {
        return std::partial_ordering::less;
    }
    else if (lhs > rhs)
    {
        return std::partial_ordering::greater;
    }
    else if (lhs == rhs)
    {
        return std::partial_ordering::equivalent;
    }

    return std::partial_ordering::unordered;
}

#endif

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator+(const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    return rhs;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator-(decimal64_t rhs) noexcept-> decimal64_t
{
    rhs.bits_ ^= detail::d64_sign_mask;
    return rhs;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto d64_div_impl(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs, decimal64_t& q, decimal64_t& r) noexcept -> void
{
    const bool sign {lhs.isneg() != rhs.isneg()};

    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    // Check pre-conditions
    constexpr decimal64_t zero {0, 0};
    constexpr decimal64_t nan {from_bits(detail::d64_nan_mask)};
    constexpr decimal64_t inf {from_bits(detail::d64_inf_mask)};

    const auto lhs_fp {fpclassify(lhs)};
    const auto rhs_fp {fpclassify(rhs)};

    if (lhs_fp != FP_NORMAL || rhs_fp != FP_NORMAL)
    {
        if (lhs_fp == FP_NAN || rhs_fp == FP_NAN)
        {
            // Operations on an SNAN return a QNAN with the same payload
            decimal64_t return_nan {};
            if (lhs_fp == rhs_fp)
            {
                // They are both NANs
                const bool lhs_signaling {issignaling(lhs)};
                const bool rhs_signaling {issignaling(rhs)};

                if (!lhs_signaling && rhs_signaling)
                {
                    return_nan = nan_conversion(rhs);
                }
                else
                {
                    return_nan = lhs_signaling ? nan_conversion(lhs) : lhs;
                }
            }
            else if (lhs_fp == FP_NAN)
            {
                return_nan = issignaling(lhs) ? nan_conversion(lhs) : lhs;
            }
            else
            {
                return_nan = issignaling(rhs) ? nan_conversion(rhs) : rhs;
            }

            q = return_nan;
            r = return_nan;

            return;
        }

        switch (lhs_fp)
        {
            case FP_INFINITE:
                if (rhs_fp == FP_INFINITE)
                {
                    q = nan;
                    r = nan;
                }
                else
                {
                    q = sign ? -inf : inf;
                    r = zero;
                }
                return;
            case FP_ZERO:
                if (rhs_fp == FP_ZERO)
                {
                    q = nan;
                    r = nan;
                }
                else
                {
                    q = sign ? -zero : zero;
                    r = sign ? -zero : zero;
                }
                return;
            default:
                static_cast<void>(lhs);
        }

        switch (rhs_fp)
        {
            case FP_ZERO:
                q = sign ? -inf : inf;
                r = zero;
                return;
            case FP_INFINITE:
                q = sign ? -zero : zero;
                r = lhs;
                return;
            default:
                static_cast<void>(rhs);
        }
    }

    #else
    static_cast<void>(r);
    #endif

    auto lhs_components {lhs.to_components()};
    detail::expand_significand<decimal64_t>(lhs_components.sig, lhs_components.exp);

    #ifdef BOOST_DECIMAL_DEBUG
    std::cerr << "sig lhs: " << sig_lhs
              << "\nexp lhs: " << exp_lhs
              << "\nsig rhs: " << sig_rhs
              << "\nexp rhs: " << exp_rhs << std::endl;
    #endif

    q = detail::d64_generic_div_impl<decimal64_t>(lhs_components, rhs.to_components(), sign);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator+(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (not_finite(lhs) || not_finite(rhs))
    {
        if (isinf(lhs) && isinf(rhs) && signbit(lhs) != signbit(rhs))
        {
            return from_bits(detail::d64_nan_mask);
        }

        return detail::check_non_finite(lhs, rhs);
    }
    #endif

    // Two fast paths under default rounding, gated by user-facing exp_diff:
    //   1. exp_diff > 36: slow path would return dominant operand unchanged; skip
    //      to_components/expand_significand and return it directly.
    //   2. exp_diff <= 3: aligned_add_kernel can do the whole add in uint64 (max_sig
    //      16 digits * 10^3 = 19 digits < 2^64); skip to_components/expand_significand
    //      and the add_impl dispatch entirely.
    // The 4..36 band falls through to the existing slow path. Both fast paths
    // require both operands to be non-zero: zero short-circuit logic
    // (preferred-quantum result exponent, sign-of-opposite-sign-zeros) lives in
    // add_impl and is not duplicated here.
    {
        const auto lhs_sig {lhs.full_significand()};
        const auto rhs_sig {rhs.full_significand()};
        if (BOOST_DECIMAL_LIKELY(lhs_sig != 0U && rhs_sig != 0U))
        {
            const auto lhs_exp {lhs.biased_exponent()};
            const auto rhs_exp {rhs.biased_exponent()};
            const auto exp_diff {lhs_exp > rhs_exp ? lhs_exp - rhs_exp : rhs_exp - lhs_exp};
            if (exp_diff > 36 || exp_diff <= 3)
            {
                auto round {_boost_decimal_global_rounding_mode};
                #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_NO_CONSTEVAL_DETECTION
                if (!BOOST_DECIMAL_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED(lhs))
                {
                    round = _boost_decimal_global_runtime_rounding_mode;
                }
                #endif
                if (BOOST_DECIMAL_LIKELY(round == rounding_mode::fe_dec_to_nearest))
                {
                    if (exp_diff > 36)
                    {
                        return lhs_exp > rhs_exp ? lhs : rhs;
                    }
                    return detail::aligned_add_kernel<decimal64_t, std::uint64_t>(
                        lhs_sig, rhs_sig, lhs_exp, rhs_exp, static_cast<unsigned>(exp_diff),
                        lhs.isneg(), rhs.isneg());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    auto lhs_components {lhs.to_components()};
    detail::expand_significand<decimal64_t>(lhs_components.sig, lhs_components.exp);
    auto rhs_components {rhs.to_components()};
    detail::expand_significand<decimal64_t>(rhs_components.sig, rhs_components.exp);

    return detail::add_impl<decimal64_t>(lhs_components, rhs_components);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator+(const decimal64_t lhs, const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t)
{
    using promoted_significand_type = detail::promote_significand_t<decimal64_t, Integer>;
    using exp_type = decimal64_t::biased_exponent_type;

    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (not_finite(lhs))
    {
        return detail::check_non_finite(lhs);
    }
    #endif

    auto sig_lhs {lhs.full_significand()};
    auto exp_lhs {lhs.biased_exponent()};
    detail::expand_significand<decimal64_t>(sig_lhs, exp_lhs);

    auto sig_rhs {static_cast<promoted_significand_type>(detail::make_positive_unsigned(rhs))};
    exp_type exp_rhs {0};
    detail::normalize<decimal64_t>(sig_rhs, exp_rhs);
    const auto final_sig_rhs {static_cast<decimal64_t::significand_type>(sig_rhs)};

    return detail::add_impl<decimal64_t>(
        detail::decimal64_t_components{sig_lhs, exp_lhs, lhs.isneg()},
        detail::decimal64_t_components{final_sig_rhs, exp_rhs, (rhs < 0)}
    );
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator+(const Integer lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t)
{
    return rhs + lhs;
}

// NOLINTNEXTLINE: If subtraction is actually addition than use operator+ and vice versa
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator-(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (not_finite(lhs) || not_finite(rhs))
    {
        if (isinf(lhs) && isinf(rhs) && signbit(lhs) == signbit(rhs))
        {
            return from_bits(detail::d64_nan_mask);
        }
        if (isinf(rhs) && !isnan(lhs))
        {
            return -rhs;
        }

        return detail::check_non_finite(lhs, rhs);
    }
    #endif

    // Two fast paths (see operator+ above). Both gated on non-zero operands so
    // zero short-circuit logic (preferred-quantum, sign-of-zero) is preserved
    // by falling through to add_impl. For operator-, the rhs sign is flipped
    // before dispatching to the kernel (subtraction = add with negated rhs).
    {
        const auto lhs_sig {lhs.full_significand()};
        const auto rhs_sig {rhs.full_significand()};
        if (BOOST_DECIMAL_LIKELY(lhs_sig != 0U && rhs_sig != 0U))
        {
            const auto lhs_exp {lhs.biased_exponent()};
            const auto rhs_exp {rhs.biased_exponent()};
            const auto exp_diff {lhs_exp > rhs_exp ? lhs_exp - rhs_exp : rhs_exp - lhs_exp};
            if (exp_diff > 36 || exp_diff <= 3)
            {
                auto round {_boost_decimal_global_rounding_mode};
                #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_NO_CONSTEVAL_DETECTION
                if (!BOOST_DECIMAL_IS_CONSTANT_EVALUATED(lhs))
                {
                    round = _boost_decimal_global_runtime_rounding_mode;
                }
                #endif
                if (BOOST_DECIMAL_LIKELY(round == rounding_mode::fe_dec_to_nearest))
                {
                    if (exp_diff > 36)
                    {
                        return lhs_exp > rhs_exp ? lhs : -rhs;
                    }
                    return detail::aligned_add_kernel<decimal64_t, std::uint64_t>(
                        lhs_sig, rhs_sig, lhs_exp, rhs_exp, static_cast<unsigned>(exp_diff),
                        lhs.isneg(), !rhs.isneg());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    auto lhs_components {lhs.to_components()};
    detail::expand_significand<decimal64_t>(lhs_components.sig, lhs_components.exp);
    auto rhs_components {rhs.to_components()};
    detail::expand_significand<decimal64_t>(rhs_components.sig, rhs_components.exp);
    rhs_components.sign = !rhs_components.sign;

    return detail::add_impl<decimal64_t>(lhs_components, rhs_components);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator-(const decimal64_t lhs, const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t)
{
    using promoted_significand_type = detail::promote_significand_t<decimal64_t, Integer>;
    using exp_type = decimal64_t::biased_exponent_type;

    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (not_finite(lhs))
    {
        return detail::check_non_finite(lhs);
    }
    #endif

    auto sig_lhs {lhs.full_significand()};
    auto exp_lhs {lhs.biased_exponent()};
    detail::expand_significand<decimal64_t>(sig_lhs, exp_lhs);

    auto sig_rhs {static_cast<promoted_significand_type>(detail::make_positive_unsigned(rhs))};
    exp_type exp_rhs {0};
    detail::normalize<decimal64_t>(sig_rhs, exp_rhs);
    const auto final_sig_rhs {static_cast<decimal64_t::significand_type>(sig_rhs)};

    return detail::add_impl<decimal64_t>(
        detail::decimal64_t_components{sig_lhs, exp_lhs, lhs.isneg()},
        detail::decimal64_t_components{final_sig_rhs, exp_rhs, !(rhs < 0)}
    );
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator-(const Integer lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t)
{
    using promoted_significand_type = detail::promote_significand_t<decimal64_t, Integer>;
    using exp_type = decimal64_t::biased_exponent_type;

    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (not_finite(rhs))
    {
        if (isinf(rhs))
        {
            return -rhs;
        }

        return detail::check_non_finite(rhs);
    }
    #endif

    auto sig_lhs {static_cast<promoted_significand_type>(detail::make_positive_unsigned(lhs))};
    exp_type exp_lhs {0};
    detail::normalize<decimal64_t>(sig_lhs, exp_lhs);
    const auto final_sig_lhs {static_cast<decimal64_t::significand_type>(detail::make_positive_unsigned(sig_lhs))};

    auto sig_rhs {rhs.full_significand()};
    auto exp_rhs {rhs.biased_exponent()};
    detail::expand_significand<decimal64_t>(sig_rhs, exp_rhs);

    return detail::add_impl<decimal64_t>(
        detail::decimal64_t_components{final_sig_lhs, exp_lhs, (lhs < 0)},
        detail::decimal64_t_components{sig_rhs, exp_rhs, !rhs.isneg()}
    );
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator*(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (not_finite(lhs) || not_finite(rhs))
    {
        if ((isinf(lhs) && rhs == 0) || (isinf(rhs) && lhs == 0))
        {
            return from_bits(detail::d64_nan_mask);
        }
        else if (isinf(lhs) && !isnan(rhs) && (signbit(lhs) != signbit(rhs)))
        {
            return signbit(lhs) ? lhs : -lhs;
        }
        else if (isinf(lhs) && !isnan(rhs) && (signbit(lhs) == signbit(rhs)))
        {
            return signbit(lhs) ? -lhs : lhs;
        }
        else if (isinf(rhs) && !isnan(lhs) && (signbit(rhs) != signbit(lhs)))
        {
            return signbit(rhs) ? rhs : -rhs;
        }
        else if (isinf(rhs) && !isnan(lhs) && (signbit(rhs) == signbit(lhs)))
        {
            return signbit(rhs) ? -rhs : rhs;
        }

        return detail::check_non_finite(lhs, rhs);
    }
    #endif

    const auto lhs_components {lhs.to_components()};
    const auto rhs_components {rhs.to_components()};

    return detail::mul_impl<decimal64_t>(lhs_components, rhs_components);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator*(const decimal64_t lhs, const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t)
{
    using promoted_significand_type = detail::promote_significand_t<decimal64_t, Integer>;
    using exp_type = decimal64_t::biased_exponent_type;

    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (not_finite(lhs))
    {
        if (isinf(lhs) && (signbit(lhs) != (rhs < 0)))
        {
            return signbit(lhs) ? lhs : -lhs;
        }
        else if (isinf(lhs) && (signbit(lhs) == (rhs < 0)))
        {
            return signbit(lhs) ? -lhs : lhs;
        }

        return detail::check_non_finite(lhs);
    }
    #endif

    auto lhs_sig {lhs.full_significand()};
    auto lhs_exp {lhs.biased_exponent()};
    detail::expand_significand<decimal64_t>(lhs_sig, lhs_exp);

    auto rhs_sig {static_cast<promoted_significand_type>(detail::make_positive_unsigned(rhs))};
    exp_type rhs_exp {0};
    detail::normalize<decimal64_t>(rhs_sig, rhs_exp);
    const auto final_rhs_sig {static_cast<decimal64_t::significand_type>(rhs_sig)};

    return detail::d64_mul_impl<decimal64_t>(lhs_sig, lhs_exp, lhs.isneg(),
                                           final_rhs_sig, rhs_exp, (rhs < 0));
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator*(const Integer lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t)
{
    return rhs * lhs;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator/(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    decimal64_t q {};
    decimal64_t r {};
    d64_div_impl(lhs, rhs, q, r);

    return q;
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator/(const decimal64_t lhs, const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t)
{
    using sig_type = decimal64_t::significand_type;
    using exp_type = decimal64_t::biased_exponent_type;
    using integer_type = std::conditional_t<(std::numeric_limits<Integer>::digits10 > std::numeric_limits<sig_type>::digits10), detail::make_unsigned_t<Integer>, sig_type>;

    const bool sign {lhs.isneg() != (rhs < 0)};

    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    // Check pre-conditions
    constexpr decimal64_t zero {0, 0};
    constexpr decimal64_t inf {from_bits(detail::d64_inf_mask)};

    const auto lhs_fp {fpclassify(lhs)};

    switch (lhs_fp)
    {
        case FP_NAN:
            return issignaling(lhs) ? nan_conversion(lhs) : lhs;
        case FP_INFINITE:
            return sign ? -lhs : lhs;
        case FP_ZERO:
            return sign ? -zero : zero;
        default:
            static_cast<void>(lhs);
    }

    if (rhs == 0)
    {
        return sign ? -inf : inf;
    }
    #endif

    auto lhs_sig {lhs.full_significand()};
    auto lhs_exp {lhs.biased_exponent()};
    detail::expand_significand<decimal64_t>(lhs_sig, lhs_exp);
    detail::decimal64_t_components lhs_components {lhs_sig, lhs_exp, lhs.isneg()};

    auto rhs_sig {static_cast<integer_type>(detail::make_positive_unsigned(rhs))};
    exp_type rhs_exp {};
    detail::normalize<decimal64_t>(rhs_sig, rhs_exp);
    detail::decimal64_t_components rhs_components {static_cast<sig_type>(rhs_sig), rhs_exp, rhs < 0};

    return detail::d64_generic_div_impl<decimal64_t>(lhs_components, rhs_components, sign);
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator/(const Integer lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t)
{
    using sig_type = decimal64_t::significand_type;
    using exp_type = decimal64_t::biased_exponent_type;
    using integer_type = std::conditional_t<(std::numeric_limits<Integer>::digits10 > std::numeric_limits<sig_type>::digits10), detail::make_unsigned_t<Integer>, sig_type>;

    const bool sign {(lhs < 0) != rhs.isneg()};

    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    // Check pre-conditions
    constexpr decimal64_t zero {0, 0};
    constexpr decimal64_t inf {from_bits(detail::d64_inf_mask)};

    const auto rhs_fp {fpclassify(rhs)};

    switch (rhs_fp)
    {
        case FP_NAN:
            return issignaling(rhs) ? nan_conversion(rhs) : rhs;
        case FP_INFINITE:
            return sign ? -zero : zero;
        case FP_ZERO:
            return sign ? -inf : inf;
        default:
            static_cast<void>(lhs);
    }
    #endif

    auto rhs_sig {rhs.full_significand()};
    auto rhs_exp {rhs.biased_exponent()};
    detail::expand_significand<decimal64_t>(rhs_sig, rhs_exp);

    exp_type lhs_exp {};
    auto lhs_sig {static_cast<integer_type>(detail::make_positive_unsigned(lhs))};
    detail::normalize<decimal64_t>(lhs_sig, lhs_exp);
    detail::decimal64_t_components lhs_components {static_cast<sig_type>(lhs_sig), lhs_exp, lhs < 0};
    detail::decimal64_t_components rhs_components {rhs_sig, rhs_exp, rhs.isneg()};

    return detail::d64_generic_div_impl<decimal64_t>(lhs_components, rhs_components, sign);
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto operator%(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    decimal64_t q {};
    decimal64_t r {};
    d64_div_impl(lhs, rhs, q, r);

    if (BOOST_DECIMAL_LIKELY(isfinite(lhs) && isfinite(rhs)))
    {
        if (rhs == 0 || isinf(q))
        {
            r = std::numeric_limits<decimal64_t>::quiet_NaN();
        }
        else
        {
            detail::generic_mod_impl(lhs, lhs.to_components(), rhs, rhs.to_components(), q, r);
        }
    }
    else if (isinf(lhs) && !isnan(rhs))
    {
        // Modulo of inf is undefined
        r = std::numeric_limits<decimal64_t>::quiet_NaN();
    }
    else if (issignaling(lhs))
    {
        r = nan_conversion(lhs);
    }
    else if (issignaling(rhs))
    {
        r = nan_conversion(rhs);
    }
    else if (isnan(lhs))
    {
        r = lhs;
    }
    else if (isnan(rhs))
    {
        r = rhs;
    }
    else if (isinf(rhs))
    {
        r = lhs;
    }

    return r;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator++() noexcept -> decimal64_t&
{
    constexpr decimal64_t one{1, 0};
    *this = *this + one;
    return *this;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator++(int) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    const auto temp {*this};
    ++(*this);
    return temp;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator--() noexcept -> decimal64_t&
{
    constexpr decimal64_t one{1, 0};
    *this = *this - one;
    return *this;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator--(int) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    const auto temp {*this};
    --(*this);
    return temp;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator+=(const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t&
{
    *this = *this + rhs;
    return *this;
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator+=(const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t&)
{
    *this = *this + rhs;
    return *this;
}

template <typename Decimal>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator+=(const Decimal rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, Decimal, decimal64_t&)
{
    *this = *this + rhs;
    return *this;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator-=(const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t&
{
    *this = *this - rhs;
    return *this;
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator-=(const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t&)
{
    *this = *this - rhs;
    return *this;
}

template <typename Decimal>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator-=(const Decimal rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, Decimal, decimal64_t&)
{
    *this = *this - rhs;
    return *this;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator*=(const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t&
{
    *this = *this * rhs;
    return *this;
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator*=(const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t&)
{
    *this = *this * rhs;
    return *this;
}

template <typename Decimal>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator*=(const Decimal rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, Decimal, decimal64_t&)
{
    *this = *this * rhs;
    return *this;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator/=(const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t&
{
    *this = *this / rhs;
    return *this;
}

template <typename Integer>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator/=(const Integer rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_integral_v, Integer, decimal64_t&)
{
    *this = *this / rhs;
    return *this;
}

template <typename Decimal>
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator/=(const Decimal rhs) noexcept
    BOOST_DECIMAL_REQUIRES_RETURN(detail::is_decimal_floating_point_v, Decimal, decimal64_t&)
{
    *this = *this / rhs;
    return *this;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto decimal64_t::operator%=(const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> decimal64_t&
{
    *this = *this % rhs;
    return *this;
}

// 3.6.4
// Effects: determines if the quantum exponents of x and y are the same.
// If both x and y are NaN, or infinity, they have the same quantum exponents;
// if exactly one operand is infinity or exactly one operand is NaN, they do not have the same quantum exponents.
// The samequantum functions raise no exception.
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto samequantumd64(const decimal64_t lhs, const decimal64_t rhs) noexcept -> bool
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    const auto lhs_fp {fpclassify(lhs)};
    const auto rhs_fp {fpclassify(rhs)};

    if ((lhs_fp == FP_NAN && rhs_fp == FP_NAN) || (lhs_fp == FP_INFINITE && rhs_fp == FP_INFINITE))
    {
        return true;
    }
    if ((lhs_fp == FP_NAN || rhs_fp == FP_INFINITE) || (rhs_fp == FP_NAN || lhs_fp == FP_INFINITE))
    {
        return false;
    }
    #endif

    return lhs.unbiased_exponent() == rhs.unbiased_exponent();
}

// 3.6.5
// Effects: if x is finite, returns its quantum exponent.
// Otherwise, a domain error occurs and INT_MIN is returned.
BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto quantexpd64(const decimal64_t x) noexcept -> int
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    if (not_finite(x))
    {
        return INT_MIN;
    }
    #endif

    return x.biased_exponent();
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto scalblnd64(decimal64_t num, const long exp) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    #ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_FAST_MATH
    constexpr decimal64_t zero {0, 0};

    if (num == zero || exp == 0 || not_finite(num))
    {
        return num;
    }
    #endif

    num.edit_exponent(num.biased_exponent() + exp);

    return num;
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto scalbnd64(const decimal64_t num, const int expval) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    return scalblnd64(num, static_cast<long>(expval));
}

BOOST_DECIMAL_CUDA_CONSTEXPR auto copysignd64(decimal64_t mag, const decimal64_t sgn) noexcept -> decimal64_t
{
    mag.edit_sign(sgn.isneg());
    return mag;
}

#if !defined(BOOST_DECIMAL_DISABLE_CLIB)

constexpr decimal64_t::decimal64_t(const char* str, std::size_t len)
{
    if (str == nullptr || len == 0)
    {
        bits_ = detail::d64_nan_mask;
        BOOST_DECIMAL_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::runtime_error("Can not construct from invalid string"));
        return; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
    }

    // Normally plus signs aren't allowed
    auto first {str};
    if (*first == '+')
    {
        ++first;
    }

    decimal64_t v;
    const auto r {detail::from_chars_general_impl(first, str + len, v, chars_format::general)};
    if (r)
    {
        *this = v;
    }
    else
    {
        bits_ = detail::d64_nan_mask;
        BOOST_DECIMAL_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::runtime_error("Can not construct from invalid string"));
    }
}

constexpr decimal64_t::decimal64_t(const char* str) : decimal64_t(str, detail::strlen(str)) {}

#ifndef BOOST_DECIMAL_HAS_STD_STRING_VIEW
inline decimal64_t::decimal64_t(const std::string& str) : decimal64_t(str.c_str(), str.size()) {}
#else
constexpr decimal64_t::decimal64_t(std::string_view str) : decimal64_t(str.data(), str.size()) {}
#endif

#endif // BOOST_DECIMAL_DISABLE_CLIB

} // namespace decimal
} // namespace boost

#endif //BOOST_DECIMAL_decimal64_t_HPP
